ARMS essays

ARMS essays A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free state, the right State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed, said by fathers of the Bill of Rights. The 2nd Amendment was wrote into the Constitution of United The original intent and purpose of the 2nd Amendment was to preserve and guarantee, not grant the pre-existing right of individuals, to keep and bear arms. Although the amendment emphasize the need to form a militia, membership in a militia is As the constitution gives us the right to have and use a gun they my also take the right too. In my opinion people should be able to if they are at their full mind. A child should not have guns but should be able to learn about what they could do and how they are to be used. I think guns dont cause violence but the people that use them do, however, some dont agree. In many court cases people have been declared the right to bear arms. In some courts however they have come in conflict with this law. The Miller vs. Us (1939) was one. In this case there was the arrest of a man for possession of an unlicensed, sawed-off, large shotgun. The defense was that it violated their 2nd Amendment rights. Do you think this is true? The court ruled that it wasnt. The case took place when men of all kinds carried guns for their protection and to kill their food, and a symbol of their manhood. As I think about the 2nd Amendment, many people can interrupt it in many different ways. In some cases the court has been for the most part, in agreement with people bearing arms, but some judges and juries arent. In recent years this is a very hot topic and has a lot of jargon for and against the bill. I could see some of both sides with my eight-yea ...

6 Bad Work Habits That Are Ruining Your Career

6 Bad Work Habits That Are Ruining Your Career Whether you’re just starting out or trying to revitalize your career, it’s always important to do a lifestyle and attitude check up to make sure you’re not subconsciously sabotaging yourself. Here are 6 bad work habits that you should change if you want to find a path to success.1. RuthlessnessSure, the road to success is littered with ruthless, bloody-minded mercenaries who have tunnel vision- and damn everything and everybody else. But the business world also requires you to be a good team member and collaborator. Try to keep in mind that your success does not need to exclude anyone else’s success, and work together with your coworkers- rather than against.2. ComplainingThis is a waste of your time and energy. For every time you’re tempted to complain, try instead to think of a possible solution, or to channel your energy into something productive and constructive.3. GossipIf you’re a big mouth, spreading gossip or telling insider secrets, or worse- spreading mistruths- then you’re not going to go far. If people feel you can’t be trusted, you won’t ever gain the trust and confidence you’ll need to get to the top.4. DrinkingA drink or two can be a great ice breaker, but you’ll want to be careful not to overindulge. It can impair your function, burden your workweek with hangovers, and cause you to do things you might regret. Keep a hold on yourself socially so as not to lose a grip on yourself professionally.5. ArroganceConfidence in your abilities is one thing. Drive is another thing. Arrogance is just unnecessary. Try not to antagonize anyone with your self opinion on your way up the ladder. A little humility can go a long way.6. LazinessYou have to work hard to succeed. Employers and coworkers can always tell when someone isn’t pulling their weight. Next time you’re tempted to hang back and let others do the work, remember how important it is to pull your own weight an d to give it your all. If you don’t, you’ll never truly succeed.

Cost and Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Cost and Management - Assignment Example ant, or a management accountant must â€Å"perform their professional duties in accordance with relevant laws, regulations, and technical standards (1996, 23).† Lis proposal clearly violates laws, regulations and technical standards by incorporating her personal assets in order to increase the companys assets, as well as making her employee shoulder temporarily a part of the expenses in order to increase the companys income. Aside from violating the standard of competence, Lis proposal also violates the standard of integrity, which according to Horngren, Bamber & Stratton, accountant should â€Å"refrain from engaging in any activity that would prejudice their ability to carry out their duties ethically [and to] refrain from engaging in or supporting any activity that would discredit the profession (1996, 23).† The philosophy behind accounting is to come up with reports that will show the performance of the company to people with vested interests to the company, such as the government, for the taxes, and the companys investors such as shareholders and creditors. With accounting, fair and accurate information is desired to be produced for the purpose of objectivity, another ethical standard for accounting. Only with objective information will people such as investors and creditors will put their trust on the company, investing on the company for the hope of gaining some return through competent management in the process. This will be violated with Lis proposal, as well. A. Using the Weighted Average method, prepare a production cost report (following the 4 steps outlined in the text) for the Strings department for October. Round to 4 decimal places for unit costs and to the nearest dollar in the production cost report. C. Assume that in order to remain competitive, the company undertook a major cost-cutting program during February. Would the effects of this cost-cutting program tend to show up more under the weighted average or under the FIFO method? Explain your

Chinese Government and Media Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Chinese Government and Media - Essay Example This was a move that solicited negative remarks form a large number of Chinese more so in the Diaspora. According to this report, Chinese living in Canberra voiced their complaints against Taiwan's attempt to make themselves independent of the rest of China. The Chinese in Diaspora added that the only Group that had a right to represent China in the UN was the Chinese government. Xinhaunet claimed that a large number of independent Chinese bodies oppose Taiwan's move to seek independent representation. Some of them included Australian Capital Territory, Federation of Chinese independence and Chinese Australian cultural exchange. Additionally, Chinese in the Philippines also express their opposition of the Taiwan's move. The report further adds some of the views held by representatives of this body. Their views mostly highlight the government's position on the matter. For instance, there are references to the benefits that will come out of unification of different straits in China. These proponents assert that unification of Taiwan with the rest of China will prosper the economy. As if this is not enough, it will promote peace in the region. Assertions made by the Taiwanese leader to seek independent representation will only threaten peace in the region. ... They asserted that Taiwan is a fundamental part of China and no single force can claim to separate from the rest of China. They also believe that if Taiwan is to seek representation, then all one point six billion Chinese should be given the opportunity to decide their future. Chen-the Taiwanese leader, outraged this latter group. They called this move a trick and claimed that there was indeed no room for discussion. It is very interesting to note that mot of the sentiments in the report mostly back up the government's stand point on the issue. One can clearly see that the speakers and groups chosen were government friendly. Their remarks were rather harsh but these were used as a tool to voice the Chinese government's standpoint. It is quite possible to find other Chinese groups that opposed the government standpoint. Nevertheless, such sentiments have no place in a government owned media outlet. Most of the information portrayed above indicates the fact that government owned media outlets normally report one-sided stories. There is very little controversy in this article and this is characteristic that is common among many other newspaper outlets in the country. Tibet Issues It is very clear that Xinhaunet supports the government's view on the Tibetan issue. This is especially in relation to their recent media releases. On 27th March 2008, Xinhua reported that the Chinese president was to meet with the United States president to discuss the Tibetan issue. The report affirms US support. It quotes the sentiments expressed by President Bush that they believe in the unification of China and that there is only one China. Additionally, the report also adds the Chinese presidents' views on the matter. President asserts that thy

Sports drink market in India Essay Example for Free

Sports drink market in India Essay With the changing trends in society and globalization Energy drinks market in India may show a rapid growth in coming years but for now it is at a nascent stage. Through various studies and research on Indian and British sports and energy drinks market we found out that Red Bull has the most share in this market. Through studies it has been found out that consuming energy drinks can have physical as well as psychological effects on the human body. Studies show that it can have positive effects like improvement in mental and congenital abilities and increased subjective awareness. Excess consumption can lead to various problems like insomnia, agitation, anxiety, irritability. Our objective through this assignment is to successfully launch a sports drink in the Indian market and market it using our knowledge gained from the market study and our own intellect. In this project are lay down different marketing strategies by how we can promote our product and stand against our competitors. SPORTS ENERGY DRINK MARKET IN INDIA MARKET FOR SPORTS DRINK IN INDIA TRENDS. According to the value calculated in 2012, sports and energy drink market in India grew by 17% whereas in 2011 it grew by 18%. The main reason to this decline was increasing awarness about the side effects of sports drinks. In june 2012 FSSAI (Food Safety and Standards Authority of India) announced that sports drinks will be renamed as â€Å"cafifeinated bevergaes†. Burn and Red Bull surpass the max. limit of caffein to be present in carbonated beverage hence they were put under the category of caffeinated beverages. COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE. Red Bull is the leading seller having 72% off-trade share within energy and sports drinks in 2012. Second place goes to pepsico having an 11% off-trade value share. However Red Bull was not allowed to be sold in Tamil Nadu due to regulatory changes in sports and energy drinks in 2012. PROSPECTUS Sports drinks in India is still at a nascent stage but might become a part of the changing trends of society and urbanization. However, sales of these drinks could be negatively impacted by regulations and enforcement of statutory warnings. The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) announcement that these products should be renamed as caffeinated beverages may lead to decline in sales of brands such as Red Bull and Burn. (Source : http://www. euromonitor. com/sports-and-energy-drinks-in-india/report) COCA-COLA TO LAUNCH A SPORTS DRINK IN INDIAN MARKET The world leaders of beverage drinks Coca-Cola are eager to launch their new product in the Indian Market. The America based company has come up with a sports drink named Godzilla which is to be launched in the market by end of November 2013. It is being manufactured by Hindustan Coca-Cola Pvt. Ltd. Which has it’s plant in Okhla Industrial Area, U. P. M. S. Dhoni, the Indian prodigy will be the brand ambassador for Godzilla and will be used in promotional Activities and advertisements. TARGET MARKET AND MARKETING STATERGY The research indicated that people in India do not prefer to have energy drink. Only 23% of the population prefers to consume the brand. The most important factors affection the buying decision were found to be health safety, price, lack of awareness and preference of other beverages. It was also found that 1. 66% of the energy market consists of male consumers. 2. 20-30 age group people was found to be growing rapidly and turning out to be potential buyers having an average income of 3-5 lacs. 3. The awareness about the energy drink among people is average 60-67% except age group 25-30 having an average income of more than 5 lacs (Awareness 80%). 4. People prefer to have energy occasionally (parties, social gathering etc) with soft drink or neat Sunadulterated. 5. People like to drink mostly in home or restaurants and 44% of the respondents feel that in the future energy drinks can compete with popular beverages like soft drinks, juices and other non-alcoholic beverages. (Source: http://www. technopak. com/Files/Energy_Drinks. pdf) MARKET OF ENERGY DRINKS IN U. K. RESEARCH METHADOLOGY LOCATION FREQUENCY PERCENT CUMILATIVE % RETAIL STORES 5 16% 94% GYMS 3 6% 66% CLUBS 3 10% 60% JOGGERS PARK 1 3% 69% RESTAURANTS 4 15% 91% SPORTS CLUB 3 9% 100% CAFE 2 7% 76% TOTAL 29 100%. The survey indicates that people prefer having sports drink in home and sports club Which leads to the possibility of the brand being promoted in the friend circle and family. This will be our target market. VALUE FOR MONEY (Indian Customers) VALUE FOR MONEY FREQUENCY PERCENT Yes 6 21% No 12 40% Can’t Say 11 39% TOTAL 29 100% The Indian customers are very price sensitive and look for value for money when they purchase a product. The high price of energy drinks is the main drawback in promoting and positioning this brand in India.

Proven Methods Of Child Discipline Essay -- essays research papers

The world we live in today is a very competitive place. There is a constant competition going on to find jobs and move up the ladder of success. As human beings we are naturally devoted to instilling some kind of success in our children. To ensure that children are successful in life they need to be well disciplined but also socially and morally developed human beings. It is the parent’s duty to keep their children well disciplined along with giving them the opportunity to develop socially and morally. But how is it possible to approach this task correctly? Using proven methods of discipline through reasoning, positive and negative reinforcement, and observational learning one can effectively discipline their children without risking damage to the child’s social and moral development. Research has shown that using reasoning as a method for discipline more often helps develop a child’s ability to conform to the standards of what is considered right or just behaviour. Discipline derives from the Latin word â€Å"disciplinare† meaning â€Å"to teach†. Thus, reasoning can be used as an effective tool to teach your children right from wrong. As opposed to the â€Å"We’re doing it this way because I say so method† through reasoning a parent is able to convey the importance of socially acceptable behaviour to the child. The main emphasis of reasoning is to provide your child with clear and straight forward guidelines of acceptable behaviour, to explain the consequences of good and bad behaviour and also to convey to your child why the consequences are necessary. 1 on 1 sit downs are important in helping your child to understand these concepts. A recent university study involving over 100 children and their parents showed that disciplini ng children i... ...ly is! Parents must motivate children to act correctly while giving them an understanding of why it is so important. Parents must increase good behaviour and decrease bad behaviour without risking any damage to the child’s moral development. This can all be achieved by parents through reasoning with children, by setting specific guidelines of good/bad behaviour and making sure children understand the consequences of their actions, through positive and negative reinforcement, by rewarding and praising good behaviour and reprimanding privileges for bad behaviour, and also through observational learning, where the parents themselves have to be role models of acceptable behaviour for the children. Punishment is not a proven method of child discipline. Although it is very effective in the short term it will lead to bigger problems in children’s development down the road.

Online Shopping Essay

Online shopping (sometimes known as e-tail from â€Å"electronic retail† or e-shopping) is a form of electronic commercewhich allows consumers to directly buy goods or services from a seller over the Internet using a web browser. HISTORY English entrepreneur Michael Aldrich invented online shopping in 1979. His system connected a modified domestic TV to a real-time transaction processing computer via a domestic telephone line. his enabled ‘closed’ corporate information systems to be opened to ‘outside’ correspondents not just for transaction processing but also for e-messaging and information retrieval and dissemination, later known as e-business In March 1980 he went on to launch Redifon’s Office Revolution, which allowed consumers, customers, agents, distributors, suppliers and service companies to be connected on-line to the corporate systems and allow business transactions to be completed electronically in real-time. [3] During the 1980s[4] he designed, manufactured, sold, installed, maintained and supported many online shopping systems, using videotex technology The first secure retail transaction over the Web was either by NetMarket or Internet Shopping Network in 1994.[7]Immediately after, Amazon.com launched its online shopping site in 1995 and eBay was also introduced in 1995.[6] Alibaba’s sites Taobao and Tmall were launched in 2003 and 2008, respectively. Reasons for online shopping 1) Convenience: Where else can you do shopping, even at midnight, wearing your jammies? You don’t have to wait in a line or wait till the shop assistant helps you with your purchases. You can do your shopping in minutes even if you are busy, apart from saving time and avoiding crowds. Online shops give us the opportunity to shop 24 x 7 and also reward us with ‘no pollution’ shopping. 2) Better Prices: I get cheap deals and better prices from online stores because products come to you directly from the manufacturer or seller without middlemen involved. Many online shops offer discount coupons and rebates. 3) Variety: One can get several brands and products from different sellers at one place. You can get in on the latest international trends without spending money on travel; you can shop from  retailers in other parts of the country or even the world without being limited by geographic area†¦ These stores offer a far greater selection of colors and sizes tha n you will find locally. If you find that the product you need is out of stock online, you can take your business to another online store where the product is available. 4) Fewer Expenses: Many times when we opt for conventional shopping we tend to spend a lot more than the required shopping expenses, on things like eating out, traveling, impulsive shopping etc. 5) Comparison of Prices: Online shops make comparison and research of products and prices possible. Online stores also give you the ability to share information and reviews with other shoppers who have firsthand experience with a product or retailer. 6) Crowds: If you are like me, you would like to avoid the crowds when you do the shopping. Crowds force us to do a hurried shopping most of the time. Crowds also create a problem when it comes to finding a parking place nearby where you want to shop and going back to your vehicle later loaded with shopping bags. 7) Compulsive Shopping: Many times when we go out shopping we end up buying things which we do not require because of the shopkeepers’ upselling skills — or we’ll compromise on our choices because of the lack of choices in those shops. 8) Discreet Purchases: Some things are better done in privacy. Online Shops enable me to purchase undergarments and lingerie or adult toys without the embarrassment that there are several people watching me and my choices. Product selection Consumers find a product of interest by visiting the website of the retailer directly or by searching among alternative vendors using a shopping search engine. Once a particular product has been found on the website of the seller, most online retailers use shopping cart software to allow the consumer to accumulate multiple items and to adjust quantities, like filling a physical shopping cart or basket in a conventional store. A â€Å"checkout† process follows (continuing the physical-store analogy) in which payment and delivery information is collected, if necessary. Some stores allow consumers to sign up for a permanent online account so that some or all of this information only needs to be entered once. The consumer often receives an  e-mail confirmation once the transaction is complete. Payment Billing to mobile phones and landlines[13][14] Cash on delivery (C.O.D.) Cheque/ Check Debit card Direct debit in some countries Electronic money of various types Gift cards Postal money order Wire transfer/delivery on payment Invoice, especially popular in some markets/countries, such as Switzerland Bitcoin or other cryptocurrencies Product delivery Once a payment has been accepted, the goods or services can be delivered in the following ways. For physical items: Shipping: The product is shipped to a customer-designated address. Retail package delivery is typically done by the public postal system or a retail courier such as FedEx, UPS, DHL, or TNT. Drop shipping: The order is passed to the manufacturer or third-party distributor, who then ships the item directly to the consumer, bypassing the retailer’s physical location to save time, money, and space. In-store pick-up: The customer selects a local store using a locator software and picks up the delivered product at the selected location. This is the method often used in the bricks and clicks business model. For digital items or tickets: Downloading/Digital distribution:[15] The method often used for digital media products such as software, music, movies, or images. Printing out, provision of a code for, or e-mailing of such items as admission tickets and scrip (e.g., gift certificates and coupons). The tickets, codes, or coupons may be redeemed at the appropriate physical or online premises and their content reviewed to verify their eligibility (e.g., assurances  that the right of admission or use is redeemed at the correct time and place, for the correct dollar amount, and for the correct number of uses). Will call, COBO (in Care Of Box Office), or â€Å"at the door† pickup: The patron picks up pre-purchased tickets for an event, such as a play, sporting event, or concert, either just before the event or in advance. With the onset of the Internet and e-commerce sites, which allow customers to buy tickets online, the popularity of this service has increased. Types of Buying Behaviour. There are four types of buying behaviour. 1. Complex buying behaviour is where the individual purchases a high value brand and seeks a lot of information before the purchase is made. 2. Habitual buying behaviour is where the individual buys a product out of habit e.g. a daily newspaper, sugar or salt. 3. Variety seeking buying behaviour is where the individual likes to shop around and experiment with different products. So an individual may shop around for different breakfast cereals because he/she wants variety in the mornings! 4. Dissonance reducing buying behaviour is when buyers are highly involved with the purchase of the product, because the purchase is expensive or infrequent. There is little difference between existing brands an example would be buying a diamond ring, as people believe there is little difference between diamond brand manufacturers.

Mini was a little girl, who was unusually fond of conversations Essay

Mini was a little girl, who was unusually fond of conversations. She had a makeshift mind that moved between various topics within her scope. Although she was young, she could start a conversation with people double or even triple her age. Eventually she became friends with Rahamat, an Afghani money lender, whom she fondly called Kabuliwala. It was a delight to watch the two banter. Rahamat, was a tall, bearded man, who carried a sack on his shoulders while Mini was a tiny little girl who would chatter all the way. Initially Mini, was afraid of interacting with him, because she believed that Rahamat abducted little children in his sack. But Rahamat, because of his obvious fondness for the little girl, broke the ice, by presenting some raisins and apricots from his bag. Mini came from an aristocratic Bengali family and Rahamat was just an ordinary fruit peddler from Kabul yet it seemed like they were close chums. The two friends had a few stock phrases and jokes which were repeated in their conversations. For example, the moment she saw Rahamat, she would ask with a hearty laugh, ‘Kabuliwala, O Kabuliwala, what is in your sack?’ Adding an unnecessary nasal tone to the word, Rahamat would roar, ‘Hanti.’ The essence of the joke was that the man had an elephant in his sack. Not that the joke was very witty, but it caused the two friends to double up in laughter, and the sight of that innocent joy between a little girl and a grown man on autumn mornings used to move Mini’s father deeply. However Mini’s mother wasn’t too pleased with the growing friendship between Rahamat and her daughter and often nagged Mini’s father to keep an eye on him. One fine day, her worries came true; when Rahamat was arrested on charges of stabbing a man because the man had denied the debt he owed Rahamat, in the heat of the argument. Rahamat was in the midst of hurling abuse in an obscene language at the dishonest man when Mini came running out of the house, shouting, ‘Kabuliwala, O Kabuliwala.’ In a flash, Rahamat’s face was filled with expressions of happiness. Innocently Mini asked him, ‘Will you be going to your in-laws’ house?’ ‘That’s exactly where I am going,’ Rahamat replied with a laugh. When he noticed that Mini did not find the answer quite amusing, he pointed to his hands and added in his heavily accented, broken Bengali, ‘I would have beaten up the in-law. But what can I do, my hands are tied up.’ Charged with grievous injury, Rahamat was sent to jail for several years. That was the last time that Mini saw him and quite child-likely forgot all about him as she grew up. Several years passed. Mini’s wedding match had been fixed. On the day of the wedding, her father was busy looking at the wedding accounts when a man appeared before him, he had no bag, nor the long hair, nor the same vigour that he used to have. But he smiled, and Mini’s father knew it was Rahamat. Mini’s father knew what he had come for. But he refused to allow him to meet Mini as he thought that it would be bad omen. Disappointed he put his hand inside his big loose robe, and brought out a small and dirty piece of paper. With great care he unfolded this, and smoothed it out with both hands on my table. It bore the impression of a little band. Not a photograph. Not a drawing. The impression of an ink-smeared hand laid flat on the paper. This touch of his own little daughter had been always on his heart, as he had come year after year to Calcutta, to sell his wares in the streets. Tears came to Mini’s father’s eyes. He forgot that he was a poor Kabuli fruit-seller, while he was nothing more than he. He also was a father. That impression of the hand of his little daughter in her distant mountain home reminded him of his own little Mini. When Rahamat saw Mini after all these years, he staggered. He could not revive their old friendship. At last he smiled and said: â€Å"Little one, are you going to your father-in-law’s house?† But Mini now understood the meaning of the word â€Å"father-in-law,† and she could not reply to him as of old. She flushed up at the question, and stood before him with her bride-like face turned down. Mini’s father deeply touched by what had just happened gave Rahamat, enough money to go back and see his own daughter in Afghanistan. Having done this, he had to cut down on some of the marriage festivity costs, but to him the wedding feast was all the brighter for the thought that in a distant land a long-lost father met again with his only child.

Gerontology and Gerontic Nursing Practice Essays

Gerontology and Gerontic Nursing Practice Essays Gerontology and Gerontic Nursing Practice Essay Gerontology and Gerontic Nursing Practice Essay NRS 353 Gerontology and Gerontic Nursing Practice Assignment 2: Assignment Questions Questions and Answers about Elderly People and Patients Submitted by: Fujimi Sakai Student No: 11413992 Lecturer’s Name: Christine Haley Due date: 25 January 2010 Date of submission: 25 January 2010 Introduction Health of older people has some issues which nurses should know. Older people tend to suffer some health problems, however, some people do not know about problems of older people and may treat them wrongly. These are some questions and answers below whose topics may be well-known but misunderstood. Nurses need to know scientific truth about health and health problems of older people and should reject myths of them which may be widely known. Q 1: Discuss reasons for why the elderly suicide Hughes (2006, p. 549) noted risk factors of suicide for older people: Majority of older people who commit suicide generally has depressive disorder when they are dead. Also, the elderly who have physical illness and complain pain are more likely to suicide. Luggen (2004, p. 636) added spousal loss are clearly relates to elderly suicide. Negative experiences such as loss of spouse or declining physical health are precipitating factors for depression (Hughes, 2006, p. 536). Also, these experiences might be more common for older adults. Thus, depressive disorder is one of common factors which cause the elderly people suicide and depressive events are more likely to occur for the older people because of loss of things they valued. Q 2: Define the word dementia Davies, Aveyard and Norman (2006, p. 491) define the term of dementia as â€Å"a range of brain disorders that have in common loss of brain function that is usually progressive, irreversible and eventually fatal. : Collectively, these conditions represent the most common serious mental illnesses affecting older people. † â€Å"Dementia can be a symptom of a number of conditions, including Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia, Korsakoff’s syndrome and Huntington’s chorea† (Eastley Wilcock, 2000, as cited in Mott Kingsley, 2004, p. 191). 1 Q 3: Is the use of restraints a justifiable approach for managing patients with dementia? Discuss Some older people who have dementia tend to wander. Luggen and Hill (2004) described â€Å"wandering is one of the most difficult management problems encountered in institutional settings. Each year some residents wander away from a facility and are later found injured or dead. † Thus, it is necessary to protect the elderly people from the injury or death. Restraints have been protections for the older adults and also meant security of the elderly and the staff (Luggen Hill, 2004, p. 401). Moreover, Davies et al. (2006, p. 516) mentioned there are insufficient human resources in the most care environment so that they cannot follow wandering of each older adult who have dementia and make sure of individual’s safety. However, restraints cause the elderly people to have negative emotions such as anger, fear and humiliation (Strumpf Evans, 1988, as cited in Luggen Hill, 2004, p. 402). In addition, physical restraints cause not only negative feelings of the older adults but also physical problems; for example, pressure ulcer formation, hypostatic pneumonia or constipation (Pisani, Partridge, Taylor Porter, 2009, p. 860). Hence, usage of restraint should be minimised as much as possible both form ethical and physical viewpoints. Restraints could take other risks of harm to the elderly people. Q 4: Discuss the alternatives to physical restraint in the care of patients with dementia As mentioned above, physical restraints cause health problems. So, it is important to minimise to use physical restraints or take alternative ways to the restraints for older people having dementia. Reasons why patients who have dementia wander are unique to individual and have particular meaning in their context or situation. Thus, care which they need can be differ in each person (Algase et al. , 2003, cited in Davies et al, 2006, p. 516). Koch (2004, p. 49) cited instances of some alternative ways of restraints; hip-protectors, safety helmets and surveillance equipment such as monitoring tags. These ways could protect the patients from injuries if they tried to wander. She also described adapting design of the facilities for the older patients, for example, using subdued colour in order to calm down 2 the older patients who are agitated and wander. Replacing liner corridor with connected pass ages that encourage the patient wander around on their own pace in the facility. These ways could reduce the patients who are wandering or cases of injury from wandering. The important thing to remember is the alternatives to physical restraints are not one. The alternative ways of the restraints can be mixed for fitting the individual’s behaviour of wandering. The alternative approaches to reduce the risk of wander may not be known as wide as a means of physical restraint. So, it would be important to extend knowledge of the alternatives in the workplace. Q 5: Define the term delirium Delirium is defined as â€Å"a transient disturbance in cognitive and attentional function, characterised by a fluctuating course and an alteration in the conscious state† (Street, 2004, p. 40). According to Luggen (2004, pp. 573-574), delirium is a common clinical condition for older patients and it often caused by emergency surgery and chemotherapy. The symptoms of delirium are reducing abilities to maintain and process attention both internal and external stimuli. They are difficult to respond appropriately, to follow commands and to talk coherently. Q 6: Describe three specific depressive behaviours which can be very convincingly mimic, or masquerade as dementia in order people so that it is hard to distinguish between two Treatment of depression is issues for aged care. However, â€Å"some mental illnesses and dementia need radically different approaches to care† (Mott Kingsley, 2004, p. 195), delirium and depression are often mistaken for dementia (Hunt, 2009, p. 235). So, older people with depression may not be receiving appropriate care. Three features appear in depression resemble these in dementia. Firstly, cognitive impairment can be seen both in depression and dementia, but the impairment of depression is reversible (Mott Kingsley, 2004, p. 195). There is also a difference. The symptom of depression is typically worse in the morning and improves late of the day, in contrast, the symptom of 3 dementia is relatively stable (Luggen, 2004, p. 574). Nevertheless, some older people with dementia become depressed. They might have both of the diseases (Hughes, 2006, p. 541). The second features of these illnesses are cerebral dysfunction. Both of the illnesses affect the person’s intelligence. People with depression can have memory and descision-making problem (Huges, 2006, p. 531), and so do people with dementia (Davies et al. , 2006, pp. 493,494). However, depression may cause psychomotor retardation, their ability of thinking is intact. On the other hand, people with dementia are impoverish of thinking. They often have difficulty with abstract thinking, judgment or finding words (Luggen, 2004, p. 574). Thirdly, people with dementia or depression may have problems with activity. They often have limitation of activities, for example, some of people with depression or dementia cannot do some basic activities such as cooking or cleaning. These problems are caused by different reasons, even though they have the limitations of activities. People with depression are reduced energy and it diminishes their activity (Hughes, 2006, p. 531). On the other hand, dementia causes apraxia. People who have dementia may be difficult to purposeful movement (Davies et al. 2006, p. 494), so some of them are unable to do effective activities for their life. Q 7: Discuss and analyse the barriers to effective pain management in the older person According to Hess (2004, p. 281), a number of older people who is living in community with pain is twice as many as younger people. Moreover, it is considered that a significant number of older people who is in long-term care setting have pain because of chronic health conditions that cause chronic pain such as musculoskeletal disorders and cancer. However, pain in the elderly people may not be treated effectively because of some barriers. Seers (2006, p. 463) mentioned â€Å"the nurse and the patient may have different perspectives on pain and its management†. These differences can cause barriers for pain management. From the perspectives of older people on their pain management, some of them hesitate to ask aregivers to relieve pain and 4 also to use the equipment like a patient-controlled analgesia pump. Furthermore, some older people have cognitive impairment such as dementia which impedes them to tell caregivers about their pain (Pasero McCaffery, 1996, cited in Seers, 2006, p. 464). These pains might be relieved if nurses/caregivers observe the older people carefully. However, some people believe my ths of pain in the older people which tell that pain is expected with aging and pain sensitivity of older people are less than younger people (Hess, 2004, p. 283). So, pain in the elderly might be underestimated, consequently, the pain management could not be done effectively. Moreover, insufficient knowledge of pain relief can be barrier for pain management. Opioids are used for pain relief, but some people may associate opioides as addictive substances. In result, the older people, their family or perhaps the health care team are reluctant to use opioids (Pasero McCaffery, 1996, cited in Seers, 2006, p. 464), and then the pain will not be treated efficiently. In summary, lack of knowledge of pain management often cause barriers to control pain in the older people. It may be thought some myth of pain with aging, relationship which the older people hesitate to tell their pain or fear of using the drugs can be obstruct active approach toward the pain. Q 8: Analyse the relationship between medication and falls in the elderly Street (2004, p. 142) mentioned falls are not caused by single and identifiable reason and are usually happened with several risk factors. He noted the several risk factors includes medications, especially tranquilisers and longer-acting sedatives. Tranquilisers are used as antipsychotics and sedatives are used as anxiolytics and hypnotics. These medications affect brains, and have adverse effects which increase risk of fall in older people. For instance, Benzodiappines are one of sedative substances which are used for sleeping disorders and anxieties. They might cause amnesia, diplopia and blurred vision as side effects (Galbraith, Bullock Manias, 2004, p. 328). Amnesia may increase the risk of fall of older adults, because people with amnesia are not aware what he/she is doing. This means people with amnesia has poor skills of attention, when they is walking. They are easier to stumble, 5 then may fall. Diplopia and blurred vision significantly affect people walking. Vertigo and impaired vision are risk factors of fall (Brians et al. , 1991, cited in Pisani et al. 2009, p. 850). Furthermore, aging brings physiologicalchange including pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Metabolism of the older people is decreased, and medications need more time to be resolved in body of older people (Baker, Tiziani, 2004, p. 229). It results medication can be stored in their body. Consequently, the elderly people are easier to be overdosed and adverse effect can appear more frequent. Older people potentially have higher risk of fall because of weaken muscle and sense of balance. In addition, they often have one or more chronic diseases and need to take medications. Some medications increase the risk of fall because of their adverse effect. These side effect may rise the cases of fall in the older people. 6 References Baker, H. Tiziani, A. (2004). Medication issues. In Nay, R. Garratt, S (Eds. ), Nursing older people: Issues and innovations (2nd ed. ) (pp. 228-242). Marrickville: Elsevier Australia. Davies, S. , Aveyard, B. Norman, I. J. (2006). Person-centred dementia care. In Redfern, S. J. Ross, F. M. (Eds. ), Nursing Older People (4th ed. ) (pp. 491-528). Philadelphia: Elsevier. Galbraith, A. Bullock, S. Manias, E. (2004). Fundamentals of Pharmacology (4th ed. ). Frenchs Forest: Pearson Education Australia. Hess, P. (2004). Pain and Comfort. In Ebersole, P. , Hess, P. Luggen, A. S. (Eds. ), Toward Healthy Aging: Human Needs and Nursing Response (6th ed. ) (pp. 279-305). St. Louis: Mosby. Hughes, C. (2006). Depression in older people. In Redfern, S. J. Ross, F. M. (Eds. ), Nursing Older People (4th ed. ) (pp. 29-554). Philadelphia: Elsevier. Hunt, S. (2009). Older Adulthood. In Crisp, J. Taylor, C. (Eds. ), Potter Perry’s Fundamental of Nursing (3rd ed. ) (pp. 219-242). Chatswood: Elsevier Australia. Koch, S. (2004). Physical restraints: can we free older people?. In Nay, R. Garratt, S (Eds. ), Nursing older people: Issues and innovations (2nd ed. ) (pp. 243-258). Marrickville: Elsevier Australia. Luggen A. S. (2004). Cognition. In Ebersole, P. , Hess, P. Luggen, A. S. (Eds. ), Toward Healthy Aging: Human Needs and Nursing Response (6th ed. ) (pp. 567-599). St. Louis: Mosby. Luggen A. S. (2004). Mental Wellness and Disturbances. In Ebersole, P. , Hess, P. Luggen, A. S. (Eds. ), Toward Healthy Aging: Human Needs and Nursing Response (6th ed. ) (pp. 616-654). St. Louis: Mosby. Luggen A. S. Hill, C. (2004). Mobility. In Ebersole, P. , Hess, P. Luggen, A. S. (Eds. ), Toward Healthy Aging: Human Needs and Nursing Response (6th ed. ) (pp. 378-413). St. Louis: Mosby. Mott, S. Kingsley, B. (2004). Dementia, mental health and issues of abuse in aged care. In Nay, R. Garratt, S (Eds. ), Nursing older people: Issues and innovations (2nd ed. ) (pp. 191-208). Marrickville: Elsevier Australia. 7 Pisani, H. , Partridge, F. Taylor, C. Porter, T. (2009). Safety. In Crisp, J. Taylor, C. , Potter Perry’s fundamentals of nursing (3rd ed. ) (pp. 843-870). Chatswood: Elsevier Australia Seers, K. (2006). Pain and older people. In Redfern, S. J. Ross, F. M. (Eds. ), Nursing Older People (4th ed. ) (pp. 457-473). Philadelphia: Elsevier. Street, P. (2004). Acute care of older people: a geriatrician’s perspective. In Nay, R. Garratt, S (Eds. ), Nursing older people: Issues and innovations (2nd ed. ) (pp. 134-159). Marrickville: Elsevier Australia. 8

Artist Robert Indiana Facts and Biography

Artist Robert Indiana Facts and Biography Robert Indiana, an American painter, sculptor, and printmaker, is frequently associated with Pop Art, though he has said he prefers calling himself a sign painter. Indiana is most famous for his Love sculpture series, which can be seen in more than 30 locations around the world. The original Love sculpture is located at the Indianapolis Museum of Art. Early Life Indiana was born Robert Earl Clark on September 13, 1928, in New Castle, Indiana. He once referred to Robert Indiana as his nom de brush, and said it was the only name by which he cared to go. The adopted name suits him, as his tumultuous childhood was spent moving frequently. Indiana says he lived in more than 20 different homes within the Hoosier State before the age of 17. He also served in the United States Army for three years, before attending the Art Institute of Chicago, the Skowhegan School of Painting and Sculpture and Edinburgh College of Art. Indiana moved to New York in 1956 and quickly earned a name for himself with his hard-edge painting style and sculptural assemblages and became an early leader in the Pop Art movement. His Art Best known for sign-like paintings and sculpture, Robert Indiana worked with many numbers and short words in his work, including EAT, HUG, and LOVE. In 1964, he created a 20-foot EAT sign for the New York World’s Fair that was made of flashing lights. In 1966, he began experimenting with the word LOVE and the image of the letters arranged in a square, with LO and VE on top of each other, with O tilted on its side was soon featured in many paintings and sculptures that can still be seen today around the world. The first Love sculpture was made for the Indianapolis Museum of Art in 1970. The 1973 Love stamp was one of the most widely distributed Pop Art images ever (300 million were issued), but his subject matter is drawn from decidedly un-Pop American literature and poetry. In addition to the sign-like paintings and sculpture, Indiana has also done figurative painting, written poetry and collaborated on the film EAT with Andy Warhol. He reintroduced the iconic Love image, replacing it with the word HOPE, raising more than $1,000,000 for Barack Obamas 2008 presidential campaign. Important Works The Calumet, 1961Figure 5, 1963The Confederacy: Alabama, 1965LOVE series, 1966The Seventh American Dream, 1998 Sources and Further Reading Hobbs, Robert. Robert Indiana. Rizzoli International Publications; January 2005.Indiana, Robert. Love and the American Dream: The Art of Robert Indiana. Portland Museum of Art; 1999.Kernan, Nathan. Robert Indiana. Assouline; 2004.Robert Indiana. Prints: A Catalogue Raisonne 1951-1991. Susan Sheehan Gallery; 1992.Ryan, Susan Elizabeth; Indiana, Robert. Robert Indiana: Figures of Speech. Yale University Press; 2000.Weinhardt, Carl J. Robert Indiana. Harry N Abrams; 1990.​

Core Competence of Sharp Corporation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Core Competence of Sharp Corporation - Essay Example From this paper it is clear that there were abundant literatures providing theoretical and empirical support justifying that competitive advantage is derived from imperfectly tradable, imperfectly substitutable and valuable assets. The idea of portfolio approach encouraging diversification into unrelated areas that flourished in 1960s and 1970s lost its fervor to RBV approach advocating diversification into related areas. RBV approach also was critical of multi divisonalisation of a large company that led to corporate fragmentation and short-termism undermining the development of core competencies and innovations. Core competency exploitation led to vertical integration in large companies to achieve competitive advantage. But of late vertical disintegration is being attempted in the globalization tendencies which offer wide opportunities to delegate to external suppliers with highly specialized expertise resulting in more pronounced core competency approach for the given company. As the paper highlights Hammel and Prahalad in their book â€Å"Competing for the future†assert that companies should look forward to the share of future opportunity share rather than current market share. They say that successful enterprises will reshape their industries rather than themselves by building upon their unique core competencies without building upon current product lines and that this will lead to creation of new competencies. They advocate new strategy which requires four approaches namelyunderstanding of the shape of future competition; process by which to gauge tomorrow’s opportunities; energizing the company from top-to-bottom to prepare for the future; and   overtaking the competitors and arrive at the future first without assuming undue risks.  

Constitutional Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Constitutional - Research Paper Example However, it is observed that the Fourth Amendment has been a victim of different controversies and is regarded as an issue by the US Constitution making authorities and a few other elements. To address this issue, this paper aims to provide a clear explanation and solution. Moreover, to evidence and balance the theory, different federal statues and pending cases on the issue will also be discussed and highlighted. The paper will also discuss reasons for the growing controversies behind the chosen topic followed by a Social Policy and its implementation. Contextual Background to the Issue: The US citizens who have been a victim of the ‘freedom vs. security’ debate has suffered a lot. It has been possible because of the Fourth Amendment that the people can find themselves safe and that they will never be violated. Their security in the US society was assured and protected by this law in the US constitution (Gonzales, 2007). Background (Fourth Amendment): Due to the increas e in the Injunctions of Assistance and general warrants in the late 17th century many elements; citizens, authorities, and groups strongly objected the process and as a consequence the Fourth Amendment was written and compiled. ... 4th Amendment: â€Å"the right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized†. It was before and without this law, that people felt insecure and did not have any assertion or right over property, security, or privacy. Incidents have been noticed in which Army Marshals and other officers have entered the homes and have taken different evidences which can be used for trial in the court or to help make an arrest (Fradin, 2007). However, a number of controversies have been noticed in the past few years, 4th amendment remains one of the strongest amendment from citizen point of view. The 4th Amendment was never appreciated by the FBI and other agencies working for the security of the State. The law had been bre ached in the Bush era and it is being violated again in the present era of President Obama. The Obama administration requested their supporters in the Congress to pass a legislation that will allow the federal agents to continue their search and march without any barrier and through the 4th Amendment. This is to ensure that they get all the private information of all the citizens residing in their country (Smith, 2010). The 4th Amendment which ensures the individual’s right to be left alone and with their security and privacy is again at stake by the Federal agents in the country. The officers want to make the system more easy and through for them so that they can gather digital information. It was witnessed and revealed in the past when the Bush government was exposed that they had been